The Alphabet – Part 7
Russian Letters with Sounds Difficult to Convey with English Letters
Жж | Щщ | ы | ||
| | | | | | ||
zsh | shch | i |
Listen I
Жж – zh /measure/ |
жена́ wife |
журна́л magazine |
осторо́жно be careful |
жа́рко hot |
у́жин dinner |
муж husband |
инжене́р engineer |
то́же too/also |
|
уже́ already |
||||
Щщ – shch /shark/ |
щи cabbage soup |
борщ beet soup |
ве́щи stuff/clothes |
това́рищ comrade |
же́нщина woman |
плащ rain coat |
ещё more/else/yet |
||
ы – i /hill/ |
вы́ход exit |
мы́ло soap |
часы́ watch/clock |
ры́ба fish |
му́зыка music |
сыр cheese |
язы́к language |
сын son |
Pronunciation Tips (Looking back at the alphabet)
Voiced and Voiceless Consonants
You already know that Russian like English has voiced and voiceless consonants. Twelve of them form pairs:
Voiced Consanants | Б | В | Г | Д | Ж | З |
⇓ | ⇓ | ⇓ | ⇓ | ⇓ | ⇓ | |
Voiceless Consonants | П | Ф | К | Т | Ш | С |
The two consonants within each pair are formed in the same way (for example, Б and П are formed by lips, B and Ф – by upper teeth and lower lips, etc); the difference between them is that all the upper row sounds are accompanied by voice, whereas the lower ones are not.
In certain positions, however, Russian voiced consonants (unlike their English counterparts) get easily ‘devoiced.’ You may remember that it happens when they are:
- at the end of words: хлеб (bread), Бог (God), год (year), нож (knife), глаз (eye)
- or before a voiceless consonant: авто́бус (bus), во́дка (vodka), ло́жка (spoon).
Listen II
обе́д (lunch or dinner) |
муж (husband) |
вход (entrance) |
вы́ход (exit) |
юг (south) |
го́род (city) |
зуб (tooth) |
друг (friend) |
бе́рег (shore) |
вку́сно (tasty) |
за́втра (tomorrow) |
за́втрак (breakfast) |
ю́бка (skirt) |
NOTE: If you do not aim at perfection or find it hard to observe this ‘voicelessness,’ do not worry: you will be understood correctly anyway.
Reading Practice – p.46
ва́нна – А́нна (Ann) | да – вода | э́то – ле́то |
век – челове́к | стака́н – рестора́н | звоно́к – уро́к |
у́лица – ку́рица | вино́ – окнó | год – лёд |
ча́й- трамва́й – май | она́ – страна́ | биле́т – нет |
Listen III
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Survival Kit
Asking Where Things Are
Скажи́те, пожа́луйста, где апте́ка? | |
Tell (me) please, where is the drugstore? |
Classroom Vocabulary – Part 2
Повтори́/те, пожа́луйста. | Repeat, please. |
Ещë раз. | Once more |
Повтори́/те ещё раз, пожа́луйста. | Repeat once more, please |
Переведи́/те | Translate (it) |