{"id":1910,"date":"2017-12-09T18:30:57","date_gmt":"2017-12-09T18:30:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/?page_id=1910"},"modified":"2025-10-22T19:23:41","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T19:23:41","slug":"%d1%83%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/chapter-3\/%d1%83%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba-3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0423\u0440\u043e\u043a 3"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Grammar: \u0413\u0420\u0410\u041c\u041c\u0410\u0301\u0422\u0418\u041a\u0410<\/h3>\n<h3>Irregular Verbs<\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Not all Russian verbs are regular. Sometimes, you need to be on the lookout for a change of stress or a mutation of a consonant, or both. See it in the example of the verb <strong>&#8220;\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c&#8221; (I)<\/strong> which means &#8220;to write&#8221;: <\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 50%;text-align: center\">\n<tbody class=\"bluebold12\">\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"4\" style=\"text-align: center\">infinitive: <strong>\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c (I)<\/strong> &#8211; to write<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0301<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0438\u0301\u0448\u0435\u043c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0442\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0438\u0301\u0448\u0435\u0448\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0438\u0301\u0448\u0435\u0442\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u043e\u043d\/a<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0438\u0301\u0448\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0301<\/td>\n<td>\u043f\u0438\u0301\u0448\u0443\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Notice the change of &#8220;c&#8221; in the infinitive to &#8220;\u0448&#8221; in all conjugation forms.<\/strong> There is also a stress shift from the second syllable in the infinitive &#8220;\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c&#8221; and in the 1st person singular &#8220;\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0301&#8221; to the first syllable in all other forms.<br \/>\nThere may be also other types of irregularities, such as an extra consonant popping up in the 1st person singular and then disappearing again, like in the verbs <strong>&#8220;\u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c&#8221; (II) &#8211; &#8220;to love, to like*&#8221;<\/strong> or <strong>&#8220;\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c&#8221;(II) &#8211; &#8220;to sleep.&#8221;<\/strong> Also, notice a shift of accent in the conjugation of the verb <strong>&#8220;\u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c.&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody class=\"bluebold12\">\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"4\" style=\"text-align: center\">infinitive: <strong>\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c (I)<\/strong> &#8211; to write<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: white;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px\"><\/th>\n<th colspan=\"4\" style=\"text-align: center\">infinitive: <strong>\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c (I)<\/strong> &#8211; to write<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0301<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u043c<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: white;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px\"><\/td>\n<td>\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043f\u043b\u044e<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043f\u0438\u043c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0442\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0448\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: white;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px\"><\/td>\n<td>\u0442\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0448\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u043e\u043d\/\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u043d\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u044f\u0442<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: white;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px\"><\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u043d\/\u0430<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u043d\u0438<\/td>\n<td>\u0441\u043f\u044f\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Now, brace up for more surprises. A most common (and a most treacherous) Russian verb <strong>&#8220;\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0301\u0442\u044c&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;to want&#8221;<\/strong> &#8211; combines both conjugations: the 1st one in all of its singular forms and the 2nd in its plural forms. And it has a mutation of &#8220;\u0422&#8221; to &#8220;\u0427&#8221; in its singular forms as well as a shift of stress!<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 50%\">\n<tbody class=\"bluebold12\">\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"4\" style=\"text-align: center\">infinitive: <strong>\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c (I)<\/strong> &#8211; to write<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0301<\/td>\n<td>\u043c\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0301\u043c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0442\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u0445\u043e\u0301\u0447\u0435\u0448\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u0432\u044b<\/td>\n<td>\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u043e\u043d\/a<\/td>\n<td>\u0445\u043e\u0301\u0447\u0435\u0442<\/td>\n<td>\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0301<\/td>\n<td>\u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0301\u0442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The use of verbs <strong>&#8220;\u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c&#8221;<\/strong> and <strong>&#8220;\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0301\u0442\u044c&#8221;<\/strong> with most of the direct objects requires the knowledge of the accusative case (Chapter V), but you can use these verbs followed by the infinitives you know.  <\/p>\n<p>* You will learn another verb which is more often used to express &#8220;liking&#8221; later in the book.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Reading Practice &#8211; p.121<\/h3>\n<h4>Read and translate the following dialogues.  Study new words.<\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<table>\n<tbody class=\"bluebold12\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #222222;border: 1px solid #222222\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1910-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3\">https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<ol>&#8220;\u0414\u0438\u0301\u043c\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443\u0301 \u0442\u044b \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0301 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0301\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0448\u044c?&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;\u042f \u043e\u0301\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0301\u043b \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0301 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c.&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;\u042f \u0442\u043e\u0301\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0430, \u043d\u043e <\/ol>\n<ol>\u044f \u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0301\u0442\u0430\u044e&#8221;. \u2013 \u201c\u0422\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0301\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0448\u044c, \u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0301\u0448\u0435\u0448\u044c. \u042d\u0301\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0301\u0442\u0430\u201d. \u2013 \u201c\u041d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0434\u0430, \u044d\u0301\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0301\u0442\u0430!\u201d<\/ol>\n<ol>&#8220;\u042f \u043d\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0301 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c&#8221;. &#8211; &#8220;\u041d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0301 \u043d\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c&#8221;. <\/ol>\n<ol>\u0413\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0301\u0442, \u0435\u0433\u043e\u0301 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0301 \u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0301\u043c\u0430.<\/ol>\n<ol>\u042d\u0301\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0442 \u0438 \u044d\u0301\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u044f\u0442 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0301\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c. \u041d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0301\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043e\u043d\u0438\u0301 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438.<\/span><\/ol>\n<ol>\u041b\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0301\u0437\u0432\u0435 \u0442\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0301\u0435\u0448\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0301 \u0434\u0435\u0301\u0442\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0301\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c?!<\/ol>\n<ol>\u041c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0301\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0301\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c.<\/ol>\n<ol>\u041c\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0301\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0301\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u0443\u0301\u0447\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0301\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440.<\/ol>\n<ol>\u0422\u044b \u0436\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0435\u0448\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0451\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442, \u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0433\u0440\u043e\u0301\u043c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0448\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0301\u043d\u0443!<\/ol>\n<ol>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0301 \u0432\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u043c\u0435\u0301\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e<\/span> \u0438 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0301\u043c\u043a\u043e<\/span>, \u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0301\u044e <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438\u0301<\/span> \u0432\u0441\u0451, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0301 \u0432\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u0431\u044b\u0301\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e<\/span>, \u044f <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0442\u043d\u043e<\/span> \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0301 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0301\u044e.<\/ol>\n<ol>\u0422\u0430\u0301\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0301 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0301 \u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0301\u0448\u0435\u0442, \u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0301\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439.<\/ol>\n<ol>&#8220;\u042f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0301 \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f\u0301, \u041a\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044f!&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0434\u0430?&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;\u0414\u0430, \u044f \u0442\u043e\u0301\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044f \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f\u0301 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0301. \u0410 \u0442\u044b \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0301 \u043b\u044e\u0301\u0431\u0438\u0448\u044c?&#8221;<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u041d\u043e\u0301\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0301.<\/h3>\n<p class=\"bluebold10\">\n\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a<span class=\"subenglish\"> &#8211; an A -student; f. &#8211; <\/span>\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430<span class=\"subenglish\">; pl. &#8211; <\/span>\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438<br \/>\n\u043c\u0435\u0301\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e<span class=\"subenglish\"> (adv) &#8211; slowly<\/span><br \/>\n\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0301\u043c\u043a\u043e<span class=\"subenglish\"> (adv) &#8211; loudly<\/span><br \/>\n\u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438\u0301<span class=\"subenglish\"> (adv) &#8211; almost<\/span><br \/>\n\u0431\u044b\u0301\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e<span class=\"subenglish\"> (adv) &#8211; quickly, fast<\/span><br \/>\n\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0442\u043d\u043e<span class=\"subenglish\"> (adv) &#8211; absolutely<\/span>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h5>II. \u0422\u0430\u0301\u043d\u044f \u0438 \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 &#8211; Tanya and Jane converse<\/h5>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background-color: #222222;border: 1px solid #222222\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1910-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3\">https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"bluebold10\">\n\u0422\u0430\u0301\u043d\u044f:   \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043d, \u0442\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e\u0301 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0448\u044c \u043f\u043e-\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0301, \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0443\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0431\u044f\u0301 \u0440\u0443\u0301\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 &#8211; \u043c\u0430\u0301\u043c\u0430, \u043f\u0430\u0301\u043f\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u0301\u0434\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0301\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0301\u0431\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430?<br \/>\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043d:  \u041d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0301. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0438\u0301 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0301\u043d\u0446\u044b. \u041d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0301 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442 \u043f\u043e-\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u043e\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e-\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438.  \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0434\u0430, \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0301 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442 \u043f\u043e-\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0301\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438. \u0410 \u044f \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0301 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e-\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438!<br \/>\n\u0422\u0430\u0301\u043d\u044f:   \u0422\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435\u0301 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0448\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438\u0301 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0443\u0301\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f. \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u044b \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0445\u043e\u0301\u0447\u0435\u0448\u044c?<br \/>\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043d:  \u0422\u044b \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0448\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044f \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0301? \u0425\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0301 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0442\u043d\u043e <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0301\u0434\u043d\u043e<\/span>. \u0425\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0301 \u0434\u0443\u0301\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e-\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438. \u0425\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0301 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0451!<br \/>\n\u0422\u0430\u0301\u043d\u044f:   \u041d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0301 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0431\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0451.<br \/>\n\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043d:  \u0414\u0430, \u0442\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0301\u0447\u043d\u043e, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0301<\/span>. \u041d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0301\u0432\u0435 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0301 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0301\u044c<\/span>?<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>\u041d\u043e\u0301\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0301.<\/h3>\n<p class=\"bluebold10\">\n\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0301\u0434\u043d\u043e<span class=\"subenglish\"> (adv) &#8211; fluently (lit.: freely)<\/span><br \/>\n\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0301<span class=\"subenglish\"> (f) &#8211; right, correct; m. &#8211; <\/span>\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432<span class=\"subenglish\">; pl. &#8211; <\/span>\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u044b<br \/>\n\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0301<span class=\"subenglish\"> &#8211; one can&#8217;t\u2026; (it&#8217;s) not allowed, (it&#8217;s) impossible<\/span><br \/>\n\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c (I)<span class=\"subenglish\"> &#8211; to dream (about)<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color:#990000\">Survival Kit<\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"color:#990000\">Asking permission<\/h3>\n<hr>\n<table style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody class=\"redbold13\">\n<tr>\n<td>\n\u041c\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c?<br \/>\n\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0301\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u043c\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u043e!<\/td>\n<td class=\"subenglish\">\nMay (I) call (from here)?<br \/>\nOf course you may!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n\u041c\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438\u0301?<br \/>\n\u0412\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0443\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0430.  \u0421\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c.<\/td>\n<td class=\"subenglish\">\nMay (I) come in?<br \/>\nCome in please. Sit down.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n\u041c\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c?<br \/>\n\u041d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0301!<\/td>\n<td class=\"subenglish\">\nMay (one) smoke here?<br \/>\n(One) may not! (It\u2019s not allowed!)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: center\">\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0301!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"background-color: #222222;border: 1px solid #222222\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1910-3\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3?_=3\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3\">https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center\">Asking not to do something<\/h4>\n<table style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody class=\"redbold13\">\n<tr>\n<td>\u041d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0301\u0434\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0301\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/td>\n<td class=\"subenglish\">Don\u2019t do it. (Lit.: no need to do it)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442? \u2013 \u041d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0301\u0434\u043e.<\/td>\n<td class=\"subenglish\">Shall I (we) read  the text? \u2013 No. (don\u2019t, no need) (lit: to read the text?)\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"background-color: #222222;border: 1px solid #222222\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-1910-4\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3?_=4\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3\">https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/657\/2017\/06\/blank.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Notice: <\/p>\n<p>1. Like in English, when the context is clear, those words of permission and forbiddance can be<br \/>\n    used by themselves. Otherwise, they often <strong>require the infinitive in Russian.<\/strong><br \/>\n    Here are some more examples: <\/p>\n<p>    \u0422\u0443\u0442 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u043c\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u043e<\/span> \u0433\u0440\u043e\u0301\u043c\u043a\u043e <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c?<\/span> &#8211; \u041d\u0435\u0442, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0301<\/span>. &#8211; Is it allowed to talk loudly here? &#8211; No, it is not.<br \/>\n    \u0422\u0443\u0442 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0301<\/span> \u0433\u0440\u043e\u0301\u043c\u043a\u043e <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0301\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/span>, \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0301\u043a\u0430.-You can&#8217;t (it&#8217;s not allowed to) talk loudly here,<br \/>\n    it&#8217;s the library.<br \/>\n    <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u041c\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c<\/span>, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430\u0301 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0301\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440? &#8211; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0301, \u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043d\u043e<\/span><br \/>\n    Is it allowed to read when (your) professor speaks? &#8211; It&#8217;s not allowed to read, but it&#8217;s allowed to write.<\/p>\n<p>2. <strong>\u041d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0301<\/strong> sounds more categorically than <strong>\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0301\u0434\u043e.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>3. Both words can also be used as admonitions:<br \/>\n    <strong>\u041d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f\u0301<\/strong> (or: <strong>\u041d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0301\u0434\u043e<\/strong>) \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0301\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c &#8211; You (one) shouldn&#8217;t work so much.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Grammar: \u0413\u0420\u0410\u041c\u041c\u0410\u0301\u0422\u0418\u041a\u0410 Irregular Verbs Not all Russian verbs are regular. Sometimes, you need to be on the lookout for a change of stress or a mutation of a consonant, or both. See it in the example of the verb &#8220;\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c&#8221; (I) which means &#8220;to write&#8221;: infinitive: \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c (I) &#8211; to write \u044f \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0301 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0438\u0301\u0448\u0435\u043c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2300,"featured_media":0,"parent":1894,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"coauthors":[5],"class_list":["post-1910","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2300"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1910"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1910\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2120,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1910\/revisions\/2120"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/friendly-russian\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=1910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}