
{"id":293,"date":"2016-04-18T14:33:42","date_gmt":"2016-04-18T14:33:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/?p=293"},"modified":"2016-04-20T14:46:05","modified_gmt":"2016-04-20T14:46:05","slug":"punctuation-em-dashes-vs-colons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/blog\/2016\/04\/18\/punctuation-em-dashes-vs-colons\/","title":{"rendered":"Punctuation: Em Dashes vs. Colons"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Have you ever wondered when to use an em dash or a colon within a sentence? What\u2019s the difference, if any? Well, it really depends on how you want to present your information. Have no fear\u2014I\u2019m going to show you when it\u2019s appropriate to use each of these pesky forms of punctuation so you can feel more confident when writing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/iXQ8SgaMQAgtq\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"270\" \/><\/p>\n<h1>Colons<\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are three ways to use a colon within a sentence: 1) in-sentence lists, 2) bulleted lists, and 3) pointing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In-Sentence Lists<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ha! I just showed you an example of setting up an in-sentence list with a colon, but here\u2019s another one so that you can see it more clearly:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>Before I can go to The Wizarding World of Harry Potter in Orlando, I have to: 1) save up enough money for a ticket, 2) request specific days off at work, and 3) buy a suitcase.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">You might be thinking: \u201cCan\u2019t you just list those items normally with commas?\u201d Yes, reader; you can. However, setting up an in-sentence list like this creates emphasis on the list itself. You can use a colon before an in-sentence list when the list is the most important part of your sentence. Also, the numbers before each item are optional, but I would recommend them if each item in your list is longer than five words (or if any of the items in your list contain any of the FANBOYS conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so). <\/span><\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bulleted Lists<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In-sentence lists are used more in formal writing. If you\u2019re wanting to put lists into informal writing, you can use a bulleted list, like this one:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>Marvel Studios, which famously adapts popular Marvel comics into film, has announced the production of the following films that are set to be released within <\/b><strong>the next four years:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Doctor Strange<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Guardians of the Galaxy 2<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Thor: Ragnarok<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Avengers: Infinity War Part I<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Black Panther<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Captain Marvel<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Avengers: Infinity War Part II<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inhumans<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Be sure to include the colon at the end of the phrase before you insert a linebreak to start your bulleted list. If you\u2019re trying to decide whether to use an in-sentence or bulleted list, bulleted lists are great for lists that are more than five items long. It would be daunting to read all of those movies in the same sentence, right? <\/span><\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pointing<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The last way is pointing. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pointing<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is when you want to establish a close relationship with another part of the sentence by \u201cpointing\u201d to it with a colon. For example: <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>There\u2019s really only one way to describe my brother\u2019s room: a mess.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">See? The colon is used here to emphasize your main point by establishing a close relationship. One of the great things about colons is that they\u2019re optional; there are many other ways you can use emphasis in your papers. There\u2019s no need to force them into a sentence, but hopefully knowing these rules will allow you to be more confident when using colons. The tutors at the Writing Resources Center are also happy to help you decide what type of punctuation works best within your sentence-in-question.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now, onto dashes!<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/bFUMTQR2ziXyU\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" \/><\/p>\n<h1>Dashes<\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are several types of dashes out there, which makes the whole usage thing frustrating. The types of dashes are defined by size. I\u2019m going to show you how to use an <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">em dash<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2014the one you use within a sentence\u2014so that you can be better prepared for your academic endeavors. If you\u2019re interested in how to use the en dash\u2014which is smaller than an em dash\u2014you can find more information <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thepunctuationguide.com\/en-dash.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">here<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. There are three ways to use an em dash in a sentence, and they can be remembered with \u201cPAL\u201d\u2014pointing, appositives, and lists.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pointing<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Just like colons, em dashes can be used to emphasize the main point of your sentence by \u201cpointing\u201d to it. However, colons establish a closer relationship than dashes do. Here\u2019s an example of pointing with an em dash:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>There\u2019s only one thing I want from you\u2014an RSVP to my S Club party.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Like the example of pointing with a colon, the em dash is used to \u201cpoint\u201d to the most important part of your sentence. However, the em dash is arguably less formal than a colon in this context. You\u2019ll notice that there are no spaces on either side of the em dash\u2014it physically connects the phrases on either side of it. <\/span><\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Appositives<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">You can also use em dashes for appositives within sentences, which are casually referred to as \u201casides.\u201d Appositives are phrases that sort of interrupt a sentence to give you more information or provide clarification. Here\u2019s an example:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>The season premiere of <\/b><b><i>Game of Thrones<\/i><\/b><b>\u2014which is my favorite show\u2014airs on April 24, 2016.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The appositive is found between the two em dashes in this example. The sentence would still be a complete, coherent sentence without the appositive<\/span><b>\u2014<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The em dashes here act as an interruption.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In-Sentence Lists<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The last way to use an em dash is in an in-sentence list, which is structured similarly to the in-sentence list of a colon.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><b>When I visited the World of Coca-Cola in Atlanta, I got to sample how Coke tastes in various countries\u2014Japan, France, Australia, Canada, and many more.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Final Countdown: Em Dashes vs. Colons<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before I leave you, you may have noticed that colons and dashes can be used in similar ways. Don\u2019t forget that a colon establishes a closer relationship to the sentence than a dash does. Think about how Turk and J.D. from <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scrubs<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> are such good friends that they\u2019re never apart and they\u2019re practically the same person. They\u2019re so close that they complete each other: that\u2019s a colon relationship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/11p1apCPqM7WEw\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"155\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now think about how Michael and Dwight from <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Office (U.S.)<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> are friends (and work together), but you wouldn\u2019t call them best friends. Dwight idolizes Michael and jumps at the chance to spend time with him in any way, but Michael only really comes to Dwight when he needs something. You could even say that Michael keeps Dwight at arm\u2019s length (with some exceptions). They\u2019re connected, but not as connected to each other as Turk and J.D.\u2014that\u2019s a dash relationship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/SAMLoWUjIpfSo\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Phew! That was a lot of information, but I can tell you\u2019ve absorbed it all. Keep in mind that since the use of em dashes and colons are optional, it\u2019s important to be wary of how many you use in a single paper. A happy paper has a balance of punctuation (em dashes, colons, commas, semicolons, etc.).<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Still not as confident as you\u2019d like to be? The Writing Resources Center is here to help guide you through those pesky punctuation decisions. Make an appointment today!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">You can also check out these great resources to refer to when you come across dashes and colons within a sentence (and outside a sentence too!):<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The University of Minnesota discusses hyphens and <\/span><b>dashes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/writing.umn.edu\/sws\/quickhelp\/punctuation\/hyphensdashes.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">http:\/\/writing.umn.edu\/sws\/quickhelp\/punctuation\/hyphensdashes.html<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Purdue University discusses hyphens and <\/span><b>dashes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/owl.english.purdue.edu\/engagement\/3\/7\/98\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/owl.english.purdue.edu\/engagement\/3\/7\/98\/<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">UNC Chapel Hill discusses semicolons, <\/span><b>colons<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and <\/span><b>dashes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/writingcenter.unc.edu\/handouts\/semi-colons-colons-and-dashes\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">http:\/\/writingcenter.unc.edu\/handouts\/semi-colons-colons-and-dashes\/<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Georgia College discusses commas, semicolons, <\/span><b>colons<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and question marks: <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.gcsu.edu\/writingcenter\/punctuation-rules\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">http:\/\/www.gcsu.edu\/writingcenter\/punctuation-rules<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Suny Empire State College discusses <\/span><b>colons<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esc.edu\/online-writing-center\/resources\/punctuation\/colons\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.esc.edu\/online-writing-center\/resources\/punctuation\/colons\/<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Good luck and happy writing!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2014Kelsey<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/iXQ8SgaMQAgtq\/giphy.gif\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/iXQ8SgaMQAgtq\/giphy.gif<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/11p1apCPqM7WEw\/giphy.gif\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/11p1apCPqM7WEw\/giphy.gif<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/bFUMTQR2ziXyU\/giphy.gif\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/bFUMTQR2ziXyU\/giphy.gif<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/SAMLoWUjIpfSo\/giphy.gif\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/SAMLoWUjIpfSo\/giphy.gif<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/marvel.com\/movies\/all\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">http:\/\/marvel.com\/movies\/all<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thepunctuationguide.com\/en-dash.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">http:\/\/www.thepunctuationguide.com\/en-dash.html<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Have you ever wondered when to use an em dash or a colon within a sentence? What\u2019s the difference, if any? Well, it really depends on how you want to present your information. Have no fear\u2014I\u2019m going to show you when it\u2019s appropriate to use each of these pesky forms of punctuation so you can [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1053,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-293","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-updates"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5OMgn-4J","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/293","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1053"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=293"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/293\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":297,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/293\/revisions\/297"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=293"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pages.charlotte.edu\/unccwrc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}